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Informed consent is a fundamental ethical requirement in research that ensures participants fully understand the nature, risks, benefits, and purpose of a study before agreeing to participate. The core aspect of informed consent is comprehension, meaning that the participant must grasp the details provided about the research, including what participation involves, any potential hazards, and their rights as participants.

This requirement emphasizes that participants should not only be informed but should also be able to engage with and understand this information adequately. This process helps participants make an autonomous decision regarding their participation based on accurate and complete information.

While full participation in all phases, potential financial compensation for risks, and access to researchers' credentials can be linked to aspects of research ethics and integrity, they do not encapsulate the essence of informed consent as clearly as the necessity for comprehension does. Gaining a participant's understanding is crucial for ensuring ethical standards in research.